Which process involves a third party facilitating discussions to help two disputing parties reach an agreement?

The process that involves a third party facilitating discussions to help two disputing parties reach an agreement is mediation. In mediation, the mediator acts as a neutral facilitator who guides the conversation, encourages open communication, and helps the parties explore potential solutions to their conflict. The goal is for both parties to arrive at a mutually acceptable agreement through collaborative dialogue.

This process differs from others, such as arbitration, where a third party actually makes a binding decision for the disputing parties, rather than serving as a facilitator. Unlike conciliation, which may involve a more advisory role that seeks to reconcile the differences but does not focus solely on helping parties reach an agreement, mediation emphasizes self-determination and voluntary cooperation by the involved parties. Union negotiation, while it does involve negotiation and often a third party, typically pertains to discussions between labor unions and employers and is not defined by a neutrality-focused facilitation process.

Mediation is valued for its ability to encourage cooperation and communication, allowing the parties to maintain control over the outcome and fostering a more amicable resolution.